BNSF operates a major intermodal facility in Memphis. In the early 18th century, British traders encountered a Cherokee town named Tanasi (or "Tanase") in present-day Monroe County, Tennessee. [66][67] In the 1980 census 1,435,147 Tennesseans claimed "English" or "mostly English" ancestry out of a state population of 3,221,354 making them 45% of the state at the time. The Southern Baptist Convention maintains its general headquarters in Nashville. This explanation is more likely, because President Polk's call for 2,600 nationwide volunteers at the beginning of the Mexican–American War resulted in 30,000 volunteers from Tennessee alone, largely in response to the death of Davy Crockett and appeals by former Tennessee Governor and then Texas politician, Sam Houston.[25]. These sites are now Oak Ridge National Laboratory, the Y-12 National Security Complex, and the East Tennessee Technology Park. I-155 is a branch highway from I-55. Clingmans Dome, the state's highest point, is located in this region. Public higher education is under the oversight of the Tennessee Higher Education Commission which provides guidance to two public university systems—the University of Tennessee system and the Tennessee Board of Regents. [82], Major outputs for the state include textiles, cotton, cattle, and electrical power. Meanwhile, the men's basketball team has won four SEC championships and reached the NCAA Elite Eight in 2010. As a student, you will become a problem solver and critical thinker. Population: ~ 6,850,000. Possibly because of European diseases devastating the Indian tribes, which would have left a population vacuum, and also from expanding European settlement in the north, the Cherokee moved south from the area now called Virginia. Each chamber chooses its own speaker. The Blue Ridge area lies on the eastern edge of Tennessee, which borders North Carolina. In response to the challenges on the frontier, white settlers in Tennessee developed a strongly independent attitude that has revealed itself often in state and national politics. An estimated 21–24% of Tennesseans are of predominantly English ancestry. The Elizabethton Twins, Greeneville Reds, Johnson City Cardinals, and Kingsport Mets are Rookie League teams of the Appalachian League. The state is also home to 13 teams playing in minor leagues. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Tennessee - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Tennessee - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [141] In May 2014, the Tennessee General Assembly passed a law allowing the use of the electric chair for death row executions when lethal injection drugs are not available. The OVC also includes the Austin Peay Governors from Clarksville, the UT Martin Skyhawks from Martin, and the Tennessee Tech Golden Eagles from Cookeville. Font Size. The valleys and upland basins of Tennessee have moderately fertile soil of limestone origins, and the streams have created rich alluvial lands along their beds. During the American Revolutionary War, Fort Watauga at Sycamore Shoals (in present-day Elizabethton) was attacked (1776) by Dragging Canoe and his warring faction of Cherokee who were aligned with the British Loyalists. [10], The state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians. In 1897, Tennessee celebrated its centennial of statehood (though one year late of the 1896 anniversary) with a great exposition in Nashville. [100]:40 The average person spent $118 per day: 29% on transportation, 24% on food, 17% on accommodation, and 28% on shopping and entertainment. [110] Tennessee is a net consumer of electricity, receiving power from other TVA facilities in neighboring states such as the Browns Ferry Nuclear Plant in northern Alabama. [13], In 1953 state legislators amended the state constitution, removing the poll tax. Enter an address, zip code, or city and state to begin your search. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [111], Tennessee is home to the two newest civilian nuclear power reactors in the United States, at Watts Bar Nuclear Plant in Rhea County. The state is trisected by the Tennessee River. Refine your search. [100]:17 Forty-four percent of stays in the state were "day trips", 25% stayed one night, 15% stayed two nights, and 11% stayed four or more nights. [114], Tennessee is the leading producer of ball clay in the United States. Memphis fell to the Union in June, following a naval battle on the Mississippi River in front of the city. Those districts' residents supported the Union over the Confederacy during the Civil War; they identified with the GOP after the war and have stayed with that party ever since. With outstanding reputations for teaching, research and service, these professionals make valuable contributions to our community of scholars and ensure that TSU is a thriving public institution of higher learning. The eastern section was made up of yeoman farmers, but Middle and West Tennessee farmers cultivated crops such as tobacco and cotton which were dependent on the use of slave labor. [134] Historically, Republicans had their greatest strength in East Tennessee before the 1960s. Tennessee's only graded stakes horse race, the Iroquois Steeplechase, is also held in Nashville each May. Also by this time, the Republican Party had won the favour of many Tennesseans, and Tennessee became once again a two-party state. Tourism-generated jobs for the state reached 152,900, a 2.8% increase. [135] Democratic presidential nominees from Southern states, such as Lyndon B. Johnson, Jimmy Carter, and Bill Clinton, usually fare better than their Northern counterparts do in Tennessee, especially among split-ticket voters outside the metropolitan areas.
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