The M-H equation is empirical and valid for monodisperse polymers, and it is applied to biomacromolecules (complex, hyperbranched, crosslink), taking the precaution of comparing the value of Mv with the polydispersity index (qM-H). Kam Y, Sacks H, Kaplan KM, Stern M, Levin G. Radio frequency-microchannels for transdermal delivery: characterization of skin recovery and delivery window. Molecular weight (Mv) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. B 113, 8020-8025. Journal Argentine Chemical Society 100 (2013) 25-34. Format). For a sphere and a random coil 0 the values are 9.23x1023 mol-1 and 2.60x 1023mol-1, respectively. The Mark-Houwink parameters is calculated molecular weights range from 8.8 to 200kDa. Journal of American Chemical Society, 76 (20), 5041-5052. Pamis, R.; Hernndez Cifre, J. G.; Lpez Martnez, M.C. Molecular weight (M v) and hydrodynamic properties can be calculated from there. The regeneration of micropores in the human cadaver skin caused by microporation was confirmed using an optical microscope and haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining. Would you like email updates of new search results? 2023 Feb 17;12(4):861. doi: 10.3390/foods12040861. Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). (2000). The most widely used method for the characterization of macromolecules is the capillary viscometry, as it is a simple and economic method. 7 8 SWC designed and coordinated the research. Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. Polysaccharide hydrogels for modified release formulations. Increased TEWL values are evidence of micropores formation. 2.It can be found from the figure that at the start-up stage of the shaft, the hydrodynamic effect (HE) is weak, so the HP is not enough to support the shaft, which Studies carried out at different ionic strength you can see them in the references [64, 65] and works with different solvents in the references [66, 67]. Masuelli, M. A. ; Wood, P.J. Pharm Res. The optical image and histological analysis confirmed that the micropores on the skin were recovered over time. WebTo address this perception, in the current study, FITC-dextran of different MWs (10, 70 and 150 kDa) was used to model the transdermal delivery of low MW biotherapeutics and mAbs with MWs of approximately 150 kDa. The dextran was chosen as another branched polysaccharide which, like the others was suspected to show hyperbranched behavior. 2015;23(3):2239. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. The permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FITC-dextrans) with different molecular weights through the pig and human cadaver skins were measured using Franz diffusion cell. Journal of Physical Chemistry. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. Webwhittier union high school district superintendent. IV. Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Colloid and Polymer Science, 286, 1223-1231. Solution properties of branched dextran. Int J Food Sci Nutr. Thus, typically, the dextran glomerular for a molecule with a Stokes-Einstein (SE) radius of 30 is approximately sevenfold higher than that of neutral horseradish Rissmann R, Oudshoorn MHM, Hennink WE, Ponec M, Bouwstra JA. The temperature increment can induce a macromolecule compaction (decreases in RH and []), generating by this way, a greater difficult to flowing due at requires an increase of energy consumption (Eavf<). Springer Editions. WebLabeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the Micropores are produced by the arrangement of microelectrodes on the skin at precise dimensions, then RF energy generated by alternating currents induces ionic vibrations between electrodes with positive or negative charges. Biodegradable dextran hydrogels crosslinked by stereocomplex formation for the controlled release of pharmaceutical proteins. These results indicate that healing and regeneration occurred in the human cadaver skin after the microporation. Multiple Linear Least-Squares Fits with a Common Intercept: Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity of Macromolecules in Solution. Mainaa, Ndegwa Henry; Pitknen, Leena; Heikkinen, Sami; Tuomainen; Pivi; Virkki, Liisa; Tenkanen, Maija (2014). ; Rjumtsev, E.I. Keywords: Durand, A. Mark-Houwink values confirm that for these conditions dextrans behave as rigid spheres with a tendency at compaction as temperature increases. Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. where tr is the column retention time in minutes (2 of 0.9792). Soc., 21, 1, 78-86. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. (1999). For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter dh ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [ 33, 41 ]. Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH. The Mark-Houwink a constant is close to 0.5 in poor solvents. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Named after George Gabriel Stokes, it is closely related to solute mobility, factoring in not only size but also solvent effects.A smaller ion with stronger hydration, for example, may have a greater Stokes radius than a larger ion with European Polymer Journal, 42, 1086-1092. As intrinsic viscosity of dextrans decreases with an increase in solution temperature; chain flexibility enhances with an increase in temperature (see Table 4) showing that the intrinsic viscosity of dextran (with different molecular weights Mw from 8.8 to 200kDa) decreases linearly with an temperature increase in solution, but change to high molecular weight to hyperbranched macromolecule. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 42, 133-137. ; Garca de , J. 2013, Article ID 360239, pp. The term f/f0 is sometimes denoted as P, Perrin constant. In summary, we demonstrated effective enhancement of skin permeability and delivery of macromolecules lower than 20KM.W., and regeneration of human cadaver skin after microporation with an RF-based microporation device. Lpez Martnez, M. C.; Daz Baos, F. G.; Ortega Retuerta, A.; Garca de , J. Quintanilla-Pineda M, Achou CG, Daz J, Gutirrez-Falcon A, Bravo M, Herrera-Muoz JI, Pea-Navarro N, Alvarado C, Ibaez FC, Marzo F. Foods. Pathan IB, Setty CM. American Journal of Food Science and Technology 2013, 1(3), 60-66. (2001). Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. 2018 Aug 9;23(8):1984. doi: 10.3390/molecules23081984. Gold MH, Biron JA. Prausnitz MR, Langer R. Transdermal drug delivery. The author thanks Universidad Nacional de San Luis (Project 2-81/11), FONCyT (PICT 2004-N23-2548 and PICT 2008-N21-84), and CONICET (PIP 6324 Res. Markierte Dextrane sind hydrophile Polysaccharide, die hufig in mikroskopischen Studien zur berwachung der Zellteilung, zum Verfolgen der Bewegung von lebenden Zellen und zur Untersuchung der hydrodynamischen Eigenschaften der zytoplasmatischen Matrix verwendet werden. Whiteside PJD, Chininis JA, Schellenberg MW, Qian C, Hunt HK. De Belder, A.N. Cookies policy. Hennink, W.E. Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of. Skin barrier disruption by acetone: observations in a hairless mouse skin model. Corp. (Seoul, Korea). Dextran is soluble in water, methyl sulphoxide, formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol, 4-methylmorpholine-4-oxide, and hexamethyl phosphamide [4]. Chemical penetration enhancers for transdermal drug delivery systems. Molecular weight determination of polysaccharides. The hydrodynamic radius is important in predicting transretinal penetration Carroll PJ. Here we have the hydrodynamic radius estimate for the 3kDa dextran and 1.5 kDa dextran by the Zetasizer calculator, thanks to Alan. Alan F Rawle, t WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). Expert Opin Drug Deliv. The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. 2010;4(1):117. Quantitative data are presented as the meanstandard deviation, and comparisons were carried out using one-way ANOVA (Systat Software Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. Carbohydr Polym. Mitragotri S. Mechanical disruption of skin barrier for vaccine delivery. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 23, 135-141. We offer more than 50 fluorescent and biotinylated dextran conjugates in several molecular weight ranges. Deng H, Konopka CJ, Prabhu S, Sarkar S, Medina NG, Fayyaz M, Arogundade OH, Vidana Gamage HE, Shahoei SH, Nall D, Youn Y, Dobrucka IT, Audu CO, Joshi A, Melvin WJ, Gallagher KA, Selvin PR, Nelson ER, Dobrucki LW, Swanson KS, Smith AM. Carbohydrate Polymers, 74, 372-378. A long-chain polymer molecule in solution takes on a somewhat kinked or curled shape, intermediate between a tightly curled mass (coil) and a rigid linear configuration. Huang S, Huang G. Preparation and drug delivery of dextran-drug complex. The hydrodynamic radius of 2-NBDG glucose was too small to measure. Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive alternative that addresses the limitations of oral and parenteral routes of drug administration; it enables controlled release and long-term systemic drug delivery through the skin, avoids hepatic first-pass effect, avoids gastrointestinal drug degradation, reduces discomfort and trauma resulting from hypodermic injections, and prevents safety hazards associated with dangerous medical waste from needles [1, 2]. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 58(11), 953-957. These hydrodynamic parameters show that these polysaccharides behave as a compact rigid sphere and contract by the increase of temperature (RH decreases) for the Mw range from 8.8 to 200kDa. Dextran Utilization During Its Synthesis by Weissella cibaria RBA12 Can Be Overcome by Fed-Batch Fermentation in a Bioreactor. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. An official website of the United States government. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Polymer molecular weight distribution. The [] is connected to the dimensions of the biopolymer molecule isolated in a certain solvent. De Belder, A. N. (2001). Carbohydrate Polymers 95 360-365. Nat Biotechnol. PMC Proc. The exponent a is a function of polymer geometry, and varies from 0.5 to 2 and exponent is dimensionless. The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Hydrodynamic properties, such as the intrinsic viscosity, [], and equilibrium solution properties such as the hydrodynamic radius RH can be combined to construct dimensionless quantities that are universal since they are of being independent of the macromolecular particle size, while they depend more or less sensitively on its shape [51]. Cecopieri-Gmez, Martha L.; Palacios-Alquisira, Joaqun (2005). Chem. The intrinsic viscosity calculation requires several concentrations, and because of this inconvenient will not use the Huggins method in this paper. Results and Discussion The microscopic dynamics of proteins are probed in a light scattering experiment. Gillespie, T.; Hulme, M. A. A novel high dextran yielding Weissella cibaria JAG8 for cereal food application. and transmitted securely. There is a deviation from linearity after 580kDa [69, 70]. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. (1958). This study was supported by the LG Electronics. Correspondence to Polysaccharides-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Google Scholar. The value of Mv is different from Mn, Mw, and Mz in a polydisperse polymer sample [38, 60, 61, 62]. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect.". (2003). Jeanes, A.; Haynes, W.C.; C. Wilham, A.; Rankin, J.C; Melvin, E.H.; Austin, M. J.; Cluskey, J. E.; Fisher, B.E. After 24h, the cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran M.W. Die Makromolekulare Chemie, 148(1), 229-238. Article It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free Carbohydrate Polymers 87, 405-410. Carbohydrate Polymers 72, 356-360. Dextran Fractions. Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. Pharmaceut Sci Tech. Lim SB, Tingirikari JMR, Seo JS, Li L, Shim S, Seo JH, Han NS. The Mark-Houwink. Macromolecules. WebR H Hydrodynamic radius [m] The basic DLS setup. Dextran theta temperature between 43.14 and 44.44C for all the range of molecular weights explains the deviation at 45 and 50C [36, 37]. Arond L.H. Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. 2015;32(5):170413. Disclaimer. In contrast to linear chains, power law behavior is observed only asymptotically at large Mv. 2003;89(2):31120. The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of individual samples of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyoxyethylene over a range of molecular weights (1,500 Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2012). The human and pig skin permeability of FITC-dextran (M.W. Epub 2022 Feb 2. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. He, L.; Niemeyer, B. The particular dextrans which were used initially for conversion into synthetic blood-volume expanders [6, 7], human red blood cells aggregation for increasing the degree of polymerization and hence the molecular weight [8, 9, 10], hydrogels and microspheres [11], in drug transport system and its modifications as nanoparticles [12], in the removal through absorption of contaminant effluents such as heavy metals, organic molecules and inks [13], in the formation of biodegradable films [14, 15]. These values indicate for dextrans in dilute aqueous solution, both methods give very similar results of the intrinsic viscosity and the respective Mw. Colloid Polym. (2003). If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Use of the single point method is correct because it is based in the Huggins method (HM); owing the HM requiring many viscosity and density measurements (at least four) for each Mw, but Solomon Ciuta method with a single measure is sufficient. Unperturbed dimensions and the theta temperature of dextran in ethylene glycol solutions. A few percent of R (13) glucosidic linkages provides side chains which appear to be short. In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. A simple and rapid method for evaluation of MarkHouwinkSaturada constants of linear random coil polysaccharides using molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity determined by high performance size exclusin chromatography: application to guar galactomannan. Typically, the hydrodynamic diameter of the micelles is about 100 nm and the critical micelle concentration is about 10 mg/L. To overcome these limitations, microporation devices that act as therapeutic vehicles for delivering drug molecules across the skin barriers have been developed. Solvent effects on polysaccharide conformation. Harding, S. E., & Simpkin, N. J. Guner, Ali (1999). Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. With FITC-dextran 20 K, cumulative Google Scholar. Ther. ; Picout, D.R. Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. Salunkhe SS, Bhatia NM, Pokharkar VB, Thorat JD, Bhatia MS. Topical delivery of idebenone using nanostructured lipid carriers: evaluations of sun-protection and anti-oxidant effects. Senti, F. R.; Hellman, N. N.; Ludwig, G.; Babcock, E.; Tobin, R.; Class, C. A., (1955). Viscosity of aqueous solutions of polysaccharides and hydrophobically modified polysaccharides: Application of Fedors equation. Kloster, C.; Bica, C.; Lartigue, C.; Rochas, C.; Samios, D.; Geissler E. (1998). J Cosmet Laser Ther. a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). Challenges in analysis of high-molar mass dextrans: Comparison of HPSEC, AsFlFFF and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. The receptor phase was collected immediately (time 0) and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24h. This receptor phase solution was transferred to a 96-well plate and the skin-permeated FITC-dextran was measured using a microplate reader (Molecular Devices, Co. Ltd., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) at 405nm. Walkenhorst, S.; Olivier, R. (2003). TEWL measurements were taken 30min after microporation of the human and pig skin. Masuelli, Martin A. Hydrodynamic properties of whole arabic gum. Int J Pharm Investig. Curley SA. In a good solvent, which shows a zero or negative heat of mixing with the polymer, the molecule is less-extended, and the intrinsic viscosity is high. Synthesis of dextran by dextransucrase treated, sucrose-supplemented skimmed milk revealed the promising potential of dextran as a food additive. Thermo Fisher Scientific. Qi P, Caoa M, Songa L, Chena C, Liua M, Li N, Wua D, Penga J, Hub G, Zhao J. This low polydispersity realizes that the Mark-Houwink equation is forced at a given Mw regardless of the hyperbranched nature of the dextran molecule. H&E stained images were analyzed using Image J software. Using the polymer standards, a plot of the ln [] vs ln Mw usually gives a straight line. par | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth | Juil 2, 2022 | mitchell wesley carlson charged | justin strauss net worth WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. High Manufacturing Standards of Molecular Probes Dextrans. Journal of Chemical Education, 49(8), 577-579. Synthesis of water-soluble and water-insoluble amphiphilic derivatives of dextran in organic medium. ; Ross-Murphy, S.B. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 38, 2591-2598. Middelkoop E, Bogaerdt AJ, Lamme EN, Hoekstra MJ, Brandsma K, Ulrich MMW. Based on these results a difference of approximately 1015% between the amounts of drugs permeated through the human skin and pig skin models should be considered during human clinical trials. The flattening of the curves at higher molecular weight is in agreement with an increased branching density. Pharm Res. 2013;3(5):3588605. The slope is a value and intercept is equal to the ln kMH value [47]. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Ibrahim O, Munavalli GS, Dover JS. Webof overall macromolecular geometry and hydrodynamic draining. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. The cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran 10 K was 4.82 0.32 M, in the human skin and 5.92 0.46 M in the pig skin. Challenges for the modern analytical ultracentrifuge analysis of polysaccharides.