The Macedonian army of 15,000 defeated the Illyrians, built a new outpost and crucially for Alexander, gained a quick access point to march towards Thebes. Once the siege began, the Thebans fought desperately, fearing for their homes, wives and children. Alexander's Campaign > Siege of Thebes. The Thebans planned their defense in the following manner. [1], News of Philip's death roused many states into revolt including Thebes, Athens, Thessaly and the Thracian tribes to the north of Macedon. Fighting did continue in Asia Minor and the Hellespont region. After having been made Hegemon of the League of Corinth, Alexander had marched to the north to deal with revolts in Illyria and Thrace. The Balkan campaign of Alexander the Great took place in 335 BC, against a number of rebellious vassals of the Macedonian kingdom. The second to form in line of battle and face the Theban infantry. At Corinth, he was given the title 'Hegemon' of the Greek forces against the Persians. They reached Thebes ten days after the battle, and demanded the surrender of the main Persian supporters and in particular Timagenidas and Attaginus. The Macedonian archers shot and when the Macedonian heavy infantry reached the top of the mountain they routed the Thracians. [1] When things were finally ready, Alexander divided his force into three parts. Alexander successfully pacified each in turn, leaving him free to begin the long planned invasion of Persia. [1] However, Alexander had an overwhelming number of experienced troops at the gates of the city at this time. The siege of Thebes (479 BC) followed the Greek victory over the invading Persians at Plataea, and ended after the main Persian supporters in Thebes surrendered.. The Siege of Pelium was undertaken by Alexander the Great against the Illyrian tribes of what is modern day Albania. Last edited on 30 December 2019, at 21:20, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alexander%27s_Balkan_campaign&oldid=933256067#Thebes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 12,000 heavy infantry, 8,000 light infantry, 3,000 cavalry (4.000 infantry, 1.500 cavalry versus Getae). The third part being a reserve, that was to plug up any holes and to press up any advantages that the Macedonians gained in the course of the siege. Alexander ordered his heavy infantry to march in loose formation and, when the carts were thrown, either to open the ranks or lie flat on the ground with their shields over them. While Pelion is known to be in modern-day Albania, the exact location is not known. On the open ground, they were crushed by Alexander's infantry and cavalry, leaving behind 3,000 dead. (2003). Upon learning of the alleged death of Alexander, Theban exiles in Athens raced off to their native city in Boeotia and sought to incite a revolt from Macedonian rule there. In 336 BC, while attending the wedding of his daughter by Olympias, Cleopatra and Olympias' brother, Alexander I of Epirus at Aegae, Philip II was assassinated by the captain of his bodyguard, Pausanias. It was critical for Alexander to take this pass as it provided easy access to Illyria and Macedonia, which was urgently needed in order to quell the unrest in Greece at this time in Athens and Thebes. With the destruction of Thebes, mainland Greece again acquiesced in Alexander's rule. The Theban cavalry was placed within the palisades themselves. Athens sued for peace and Alexander received the envoy and pardoned anyone involved with the uprising. [2], Alexander stopped at Thermopylae, where he was recognised as the leader of the Sacred League before heading south to Corinth. This was an important point of demarcation in Alexander's early reign, as it established him among the Danubian tribes to the north as a serious monarch to be reckoned with, just as he would later establish this precedent for the Greek city states under his hegemony. He was by no means eager to destroy the city. This page was last edited on 30 December 2019, at 21:20. The siege of Thebes (479 BC) followed the Greek victory over the invading Persians at Plataea, and ended after the main Persian supporters in Thebes surrendered. Pausanias was also aware that some of his fellow Greeks were likely to accept bribes to arrange for the freedom of the Theban leaders, and so he quickly took them back to Corinth and had them executed. As Alexander's ships failed to enter the river, Alexander's army made rafts out of their leather tents. At the same time the Greek army was dissolved, ending the campaign in mainland Greece. Artillery engines at the top of these towers were able to return fire at the walls, and the work gangs erected timber palisades as an added measure of protection.
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