Three. Josef wasnt ready. Isabels family had worked in secret all night with the Castillos, worried someone might hear them, but apparently, everybody else had been doing the same thing. Yes. When Mahmoud and his family finally got to the front of the line, late in the day, Mahmouds father presented their official documents to the border agent. Tourists took pictures. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Random death from a fighter jets missile or a soldiers rocket launcher might come at any moment, when you least expected it. His fathers shirt was stained at the armpits, and with a quick sniff of his own shirt Mahmoud realized he stank too. They were just standing and watching. Isabel and her family decide to flee Cuba on a handmade raft to escape a food scarcity and political persecution. Use Apple Maps, another soldier said. 2011 (14) IWB are their Sunni Muslims and Shia Muslims? Take me back. Ruthie clung to her brother. Thinking about Klaus made Josef think about other things, but he blinked away the bad memories. On the train, Josef and his family sat in a compartment labeled J, for Jew, so no real Germans would sit there by accident. What is Mahmouds brothers name in refugee? Who are the characters in the book refugee? Dont! to go back for them. No. notice him, maybe pull him and his family out of line. They had gotten up early and it had been a stressful day, and soon Ruthie was asleep in Mamas lap, and Mama dozed with her. Everything the soldier was describing stood between them and Turkey. Renata Aber is Renata Abers younger sister. Change), You are commenting using your Facebook account. Theyre coming for me! Papi cried. Hours later, the train pulled in to Hamburg Central Railway Station. People often stopped to listen to her and clap and tap their feet. Book hotel rooms. Theres no food for any of us, and no money to buy it with if there was. (including. Mahmoud - Refugee Action Mahmoud told his dad that he wanted to board a boat and go to Italy, where he'd have a chance to go to school. At last! That voice, thought Josef. I dont remember much about him, but I do remember he always wanted to be a grown-up. Germany? Two giant tan smokestacks stuck up from the middle of the ship, one Then it was time for Josef to recite the blessing hed been practicing for weeks. But the only thing that matters to him in this moment is finding. He hated that man. To get you to Miami? Josef had seen it happen. triplets-extraction-tensorflow/test_tag.json at master yin-hong It was him. Well go without you. They left him pacing the room, muttering to himself. He wasnt used to the sounds of this new flat, the smaller one he and his family had been forced to move into. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. Sweat ran down his back. After Aleppothe near-constant gunfire and explosions, punctuated by the oppressive quiet of an entire city trying their hardest not to draw attention to themselvesthis place felt alive, even if it was dusty and cramped. People caught criticizing Fidel Castro were thrown into jail and never heard from again. Fried fish, it smelled like. And why do you need gasoline so badly? To leave Cuba before my father is arrested. The fisherman wiped his lips on the back of his hand. Mahmouds father got back in the car. I needed something big and thick for the bottom of the boat, he said. And now they were in line with him, all those hundreds of people and thousands more, and they werent invisible anymore. With no one to overpay for it, the cane fields dried up, the sugar refineries closed, and people lost their jobs. They yelled and chanted. Mahmoud barely had time to yell Run! and drag Waleed and his sister away before the whole building came crashing down into the street, thundering like a jet fighter. In the year 1938, Josef Landau is a twelve-year-old Jewish child living in Berlin, Germany. Fatima! Mahmoud's Story | Sutori Some of these soldiers wore camouflage pants and shirts, but others wore Adidas jerseys and leather jackets and track pants. When another raft made out of an old refrigerator sank, everyone laughed. Refugee By Alan Gratz Flashcards | Quizlet The afternoon adhan from a nearby mosque echoed through the bombed-out streets of Aleppo, the melodious, ethereal voice of the muadhdhin praising Allah and calling everyone to prayer. Plan. He stayed there the rest of the trip, his armband securely in place and as visible as possible. If youd just give me a chance to explain The Brownshirt ignored Papa and nodded at the other men. Youre Mariano Padrons granddaughter, arent you? the fisherman said. Tomorrow, hed told Mahmouds father. Mahmouds father, Youssef, meets them outside in the car and tells them they are escaping the country right away. So I have more things to sell! He laughed, and Josef smiled. A building shuddered and collapsed, smoke and debris avalanching out into the street. Josef clawed at his sheets, but the hands were too strong. Mom! Mahmoud yelled. Mothers carried babies in slings. The car skids to a stop, and Youssef, Fatima (with, Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days from home (1), Mahmoud tells the man that the family has nowhere to go, and that his sister, Mahmoud: Somewhere on the Mediterranean Sea 2015, 11 days from home (1), He then hears Fatima scream out, and watches as she struggles to lift a crying, for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. No! . Waleed Bishara. You can publish your book online for free in a few minutes. Isabel laughed so hard her stomach hurt. Being responsible did. Smoke rose from behind an apartment building. Mahmoud is 12 years old, he is kind of stoke has thick black eyebrows a strong nose and wears a hoodie. Good and bad things happened either way. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Josef and Ruth each carried a suitcase, and their mother carried two more one for herself, and one for Josefs father. Wearing that uniform turned boys into monsters. And then, six months after hed been taken away, they got a telegram. She climbed up the bumper and onto the hood. All right, Mahmouds father was saying. Mahmoud leaned over to see. Havana was rioting, and her father and grandfather were somewhere right in the middle of it. The ship was called the MS St. Louis. Josef wished they could stay on board the St. Louis forever. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Hana Bishara appears in. Not before coming home every day with horror stories about the people shed helped put back together. Before he could protest, the girls dragged him to a womens restroom. Mahmoud has already had a lot of experience dealing with the trauma of war, as the Syrian Civil War has already been raging for four years at the beginning of Mahmoud's story. She knew he would never have let her do it. (In five days, Papa hadnt come out of their cabin once, not even for meals, and Josefs mother had barely left his side.) All Mahmoud wanted to do was curl up into a ball and disappear. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. No! Josef screamed. They fell on him, hitting and kicking him for being a Jew, and calling him all kinds of names. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Design a site like this with WordPress.com, Al-Assad took military action against the rebel Syrians. Mami started counting clave by clapping, and Isabel frowned, trying to follow the beat. Trauma and growing up: The novel highlights the cruelty of having to become an adult. Fatima Bishara. Isabel and her grandfather set her papi in a chair in their little kitchen, and Isabels mother, Teresa Padron de Fernandez, ran to the cabinet under the sink. He kept frowning at the motor and the rudder like there was something wrong, but besides a quick patch job of stuffing a sock into the bullet hole, everything was good. Josefs maturation continues as the situation worsens: after his father attempts suicide is separated from the family, his mother is stricken with grief, so Josef makes sure that Ruthie is being cared for and protected. He and his mother and sister would be put off the train, maybe even sent to a concentration camp. They spilled into the streets, and the few policemen on the Malecn were quickly overwhelmed. Freedom! Mahmoud finally sees the power of visibility when he decides to walk out of the Hungarian detention center and lead the other refugees on a 12-hour march to Austria. Theyll come for us soon enough, he said. He was careful not to show his eagerness in front of his father, however. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. Isabel shook her head, convinced she was hearing things, and put her lips back to her trumpet. Hundreds of Germans have come forward to provide food, drink, and other goods. Isabel Fernandez is 11 years old in 1994, growing up in Havana, Cuba, under Fidel Castros communist regime. Mahmoud felt as stunned as his mother sounded. North, Dad said. They become friends with Josef and Ruthie in Refugee. No, no, no, Lito said. Why not? Isabel said. the place feels mournful, as many people here lost someone in the crossing from Turkey. Around them were countless more Syrian families, all hoping to be let in. Isabel shook her head. Im just trying to get my family to safety, Dad told the men. A new life. After his family is. By tradition, ten or more Jewish men, a minyan, was needed for a public service. Im hot, Ruthie said, pulling at her coat. Its not safe here. The trick was to be invisible. Refugee is a young adult novel written by Alan Gratz and was first published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. Before Jews were scared to gather together in public places. In Refugee, Alan Gratz has . Youll fall out of the boat! Isabels mother told him. But the food shortages had driven more and more Cubans to el norte. Ridiculous! Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. Search 51 Witzhave carpet installers to find the best carpet contractor for your project. Thank God youre all alive! he cried. Mahmoud's mother. The woman was dressed in a white satin dress and veil. I understand. Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. Mahmoud hoped so, at least. As her grandfather arrived and helped Isabel get her father to his feet, she understood. She got a hand to the side of the boat and looked back. what does mahmoud want to control in refugee. Most of the farms in Cuba grew only sugarcane. They had walked for hours in the hot sun without a bath, without a change of clothes. No more getting thrown in jail for disagreeing with the government. But what do you want to do when you get there? Seor Castillo asked. Everywhere around them, people fled into the streets, covered in gray dust and blood. The next morning they had seen the people. Not any longer. Josef didnt want to leave. Some kids in Daraa, a city in southern Syria, were arrested and abused by the police for writing anti-Assad slogans on walls. No porters rushed to help them with their bags. Shed told her parents what shed done, but not Lito. She wore a dark blue wool dress with a white sailors collar and carried her white corduroy stuffed rabbit, Bitsy, everywhere she went. Papi hissed as she disinfected them with the iodine. I have to find him! Chabela! her grandfather cried. Mahmoud and his family had fallen into step with them and disappeared among their ranks. A tag already exists with the provided branch name. Everywhere around them, people fled into the streets, covered in gray dust and blood. Ivn thought he was being sneaky, but Isabel knew exactly what he and his father were building in their shed, and it wasnt a doghouse. He found his mother in the crowd. But he knew better. He nods, but says that Frau Rosenburg can make one for, and Rachel died so that she could live. It was an ugly blue thing cobbled together out of old metal advertisements and road signs and oil drums. Two girls around Ruthies age wearing matching flowery dresses were leaning over the railing and giggling. Please! Mahmoud cried. After halting the vehicle on the highway, what did the Serbian taxi driver do? He then hears, cry out for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. Were against whoever is dropping the bombs too, the soldier at the window said. Mami was very pregnantshe was due in a weeks timeso Isabel knelt down to find the iodine. Josef walked the Promenade deck by himself, a new man. The water wasnt working again, so he had to pour water over his hands using the plastic jugs his mother had hauled from the neighborhood well. He felt the stirrings of indignation, of anger, of sympathy. They threw rocks and bottles. Rubble was strewn everywhere. He understands that being unnoticed helps him avoid trouble, but he also begins to see the problems with remaining invisible, because it prevents good people from taking notice of them and providing aid. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Isabel dodged through the crowds, trying to stay away from where the police had formed a line. Fatima Bishara Quotes in Refugee The Refugee quotes below are all either spoken by Fatima Bishara or refer to Fatima Bishara. See here, he told Mahmouds father, youll have to go over to Qatmah, and then north through Qestel Cindo. No one wore their Jewish armbands on the ship, and there were no Js above any of the passenger compartments, because all the passengers were Jews. Everybody stay calm, Dad said, slowing the car down, and let me do all the talking. One of the soldiers stood in front of the car, his rifle aimed loosely at the windshield, while the others walked around the sides, peering in through the windows. Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia2015 Josef: Off the American Coast1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Antwerp, Belgium1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Vornay, France1940 Isabel: Miami Beach, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany2015 Isabel: Miami, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Berlin, Germany2015 Maps Authors Note Acknowledgments About the Author Sneak Peek at Projekt 1065 Sneak Peek at Grenade Also by Alan Gratz Copyright Why does the author is italics for the words "their" them" and they". Change), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The way the content is organized. The old taxis exhaust pipe made a sound like a gunshotPOK!and everybody ducked instinctively. He has a mother, a father, a younger brother, and a baby sister. Oh, and I also need you to help me carry these back. Too many. Hes just a boy. Look! A skeleton in a threadbare suit three sizes too big for him. Then suddenly a woman screamed, a pistol firedpak!and the world went crazy. He wasnt literally invisible. Waleed? he heard his mother cry, and she came out from behind the pile of rubble with the Sarraf family, all of them covered in gray dust. explaining through the translator that she is a toy designer. Of course, Captain Schroeder said. Teachers and parents! They threw Josef and Ruth on the floor once more and flicked on the overhead light. Waleed was ten years old and two grades below Mahmoud in school. But we never did. Lito was crying now, distraught. Are you ready? Mahmoud heard explosions and saw smoke clouds, but no one cared about a few hundred Syrian people leaving the battlefield. But if we stay in Aleppo a day longer, we may not even have that. Mahmouds father looked from his wife to Hana to Mahmoud to Waleed. It will be expensive, but we can pay. Mahmoud didnt have any friends. mother and brother and sister walked on. thinks that he will never forget the fear of being so powerless in that moment. Her grief becomes another way in which Mahmoud is forced to grow up early, as he becomes a caretaker for his parents and feels guilty over the burden of the decision that he made. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. She says that she thought, Frau Rosenburg explains that she was a refugee, too, and shows, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Teachers and parents! It was just what the Brownshirt had told Josef. She panicked, her worst fears come true, and suddenly a blinding light lit her up. The refugees are transferred from prison cells to a detention camp, reuniting Mahmouds family. They arrive on Lesbos and hunt for Hana, but she is nowhere to be found. third person. But when they arrive, they find the Hungarian soldiers building a fence to keep them out. By train? Josef had died so Ruthie could live, and one day welcome Mahmoud and his family into her house. Not nearly as many as there had been in Havana, but enough. Nothing else mattered in that moment but air. Two of the policemen had broken from the group and were running toward the water. One group is handing out diapers. Two of the Nazis yanked Josefs father to his feet and dragged him toward the door. This reminds Mahmoud of Hana, and, For four weeks, Mahmoud, Waleed, Youssef, and, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Disappear. Fatima had long, dark hair she wore up on her head, and intense brown eyes. Nomads and refugees in western Pakistan and northern Iraq at one time totaled more than 5 million, many of whom have recently returned to . The north. It was nothing they ever said to each other, just something they each came to understand, and within a year they had drifted apart, not even speaking to each other as they passed in the hall. Ill stay here with your father. Josef and Ruth were only too glad to get away from Papa. Refugee: Chapter Summaries | SparkNotes You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. More importantly, we have our lives. Papi was going to run away again, and this time, whether he got caught with wet feet or dry "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." The way the content is organized, One of the three protagonists of the book, alongside. Every sailor they met doffed his cap at them, and the steward who showed them to their cabin assured them that they could call upon him for anything they needed while on board. He howled louder than a fighter jet, and his parents didnt even tell him to hush. Isabel blinked. Two more soldiers crammed themselves into the backseat, and the last one joined Mahmoud and Waleed in the back with their backpacks. There was a small group of them, up on the rocks overlooking the inlet. They had seen Frozen in a movie theaterback when they could get to the now-government-controlled side of the city that had theaters.
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